3D mapping means capturing and processing images and data to generate accurate, detailed, and realistic 3D models.
3D tools are used in various industries, enabling its user to visualize, analyze, and manipulate complex data sets with unparalleled precision.
Various techniques in 3D mapping, such as Lidar scanning, photogrammetry, and structured light scanning, are discussed, each offering unique advantages.
In this article we explore 3D mapping technology, highlighting its role for those who work with underground infrastructure. We delve into the intricate process of 3D mapping, covering data acquisition, processing, and the addition of textures to create detailed and realistic 3D models.
3D mapping begins with data acquisition and processing. This crucial phase lays the foundation for creating a detailed 3D model of the target environment.
Once the model is generated, the next step involves the intricate process of texturing. With the addition of textures, the model gains depth and realism, ready to be analysed and visualised using specialised software. The nuances of this process may vary, adapting to the specific application and techniques utilised.
In the vast landscape of 3D mapping, several techniques play pivotal roles, each offering unique advantages.
3D mapping technologies offer a diverse toolkit to craft precise, realistic representations. The selection of a specific technique, or a combination thereof, hinges on factors such as the desired level of detail and the size and complexity of the object or environment being mapped.
Each technique brings its strengths and limitations to the table, allowing for a tailored approach to meet the unique requirements of diverse applications.
The second step to 3D mapping is to georeferenced the 3D scene into world coordinates. There are two main approaches to this:
3D models can be visualized to the user as point clouds or mesh models. A point cloud is projecting points and turning the point cloud so the user can imagine a 3D scene.
A mesh is lines or surfaces generated between the points to generate a 3D structure that can be illuminated to generate a 3D scene. The 3D model is then typically used to derive data from such as dimensions, location of certain items in the scene etc.
For underground infrastructure the location of pipes and cables are typically what is the objective to map as well as point objects such as cabinets, poles etc. The end results might be 2D or 3D lines and Feature of Interest Points that are then recorded in GIS systems.
Groundhawk’s co-founder Christoffer Winquist listed five benefits 3D mapping brings for optimal results in cable mapping.